中文摘要：

针对大型土木结构的模态信息往往对局部损伤灵敏度较低的特点，提出通过在各个子结构上附加虚拟质量的方法提高局部灵敏度，实现整体结构的准确损伤识别。该方法无需在结构上布置真实质量，它首先利用虚拟变形法（VDM）可进行结构快速重分析的思想，由实测结构的激励和加速度响应，构造结构附加虚拟质量后虚拟结构的频率响应；然后结合灵敏度分析和附加质量与频率关系，确定所需附加质量和对应具有较高灵敏度的频率；最后分别在每个子结构上附加虚拟质量，联合所有虚拟结构和对应的频率即可准确快速地识别出整体结构各个子结构的损伤。本文通过两层平面框架有限元模型验证了附加质量损伤识别方法的有效性。

英文摘要：

It is big challenging to identify the damage of the structures accurately in civil engineering,since the structures usually are huge,complex,and insensitive to local damage.Aiming at this problem,Adding virtual mass method is proposed for improving the sensitivity of every substructure,and realizing the accurate identification of global structure.First,The frequency response with addition mass is constructed using the knowing the excitation and acceleration response by virtual distortion method （VDM）,which is a fast structural reanalysis method;then the quantity of mass and the according select natural frequency which high sensitivity are determined by the sensitivity analysis and the relationship between the mass and natural frequency;last,the damage of the global structure can be identified precisely using the combined natural frequencies of the all the virtual structures,of which each is constructed by adding mass on the according substructure.A finite element model of a plan frame with 2 floors is used to verify the proposed additional virtual mass method.