中文摘要：

以硝基苯废水处理反应器内的污泥为菌源，采用间歇反应的方法分别考察Fe^3＋，Ni^2＋，Zn^2＋，Al^3＋，Cr（Ⅵ）和Cu^2＋6种金属离子及盐度对硝基苯厌氧生物降解过程的影响。结果表明，适宜质量浓度的Fe^3＋，Ni^2＋，Zn^2＋，Al^3＋和Cr（Ⅵ）可促进硝基苯的降解。当ρ（Fe^3＋）为5mg／L，ρ（Ni^2＋），ρ（Zn^2＋）和ρ（Al^3＋）为1．0mg／L及ρ[Cr（Ⅵ）]为0．50mg／L时，硝基苯的降解速率提高5％～23％。当ρ（Fe^3＋），ρ（Ni^2＋），ρ（Zn^2＋），ρ（Al^3＋），ρ[Cr（Ⅵ）]和ρ（Cu^2＋）分别大于50，10．0，5．0，5．0，5．0和0．25mg／L时，金属离子开始对硝基苯降解菌产生抑制作用，毒性顺序为Cu^2＋〉Cr（Ⅵ）〉Al^3＋〉Zn^2＋〉Ni^3＋〉Fe^3＋。硝基苯降解菌生长的最佳盐度为0．25％-1．00％。

英文摘要：

The effects of six metal ions including Fe^3＋, Ni^2＋, Zn^2＋, Al^3＋ , Cr（Ⅵ）, Cu^2＋, and salinity on anaerobic degradation of nitrobenzene were investigated in batch reactors. Nitrobenzene degradation bacteria were obtained from a reactor for nitrobenzene wastewater. The results showed that preferable mass concentrations of Fe^3＋, Ni^2＋, Zn^2＋, Al^3＋ and Cr（Ⅵ） had accelerated nitrobenzene degradation. When their mass concentrations were 5, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 and 0.5 mg/L respectively, the nitrobenzene degradation rate increased by 5 %-23 % . However, nitrobenzene degradation bacteria were inhibited when their mass concentrations exceeded 50, 10.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0 and 0.25 mg/L respectively. Toxicity order in mass was Cu^2＋〉 Cr（Ⅵ） 〉 Al^3＋〉 Zn^2＋〉 Ni^＋2 〉 Fe^3＋. Optimal salinity for nitrobenzene degradation bacteria was between 0.25% and 1.00%.