中文摘要：

基于活动的出行行为理论主要研究人们的出行行为规律和选择特征,即个人或者家庭关于活动和出行的决策特性。本文首先介绍了基于活动的研究的起源,然后详尽介绍了国外基于活动的出行行为研究的历程和主要成果,包括基础理论成果、研究方法、需求预测模型系统。最后对我国出行行为研究的现状进行了分析,指出我国目前基于活动的研究还处于刚刚起步阶段,应该在深入分析我国居民出行特征的基础上,开展基于活动的出行行为研究,更好地为制定交通规划和交通管理政策提供决策支持。

英文摘要：

The Activity-based travel behavior theories mainly study individual or households＇ travel behavior laws and decision characters in trip chain. An abundant research harvest has been gained since the systematical studies were carried through in western countries. This paper firstly introduces the origin of activity-based travel behavior research. The activity-based approach to the analysis of travel behavior and travel demand originated in the UK, the US and Germany in 1970＇s to overcome the limitations of the standard four-stage approaches. The starting point of the approach was the switch of focus from aggregate trip making to individual activity participation and the identification of travel as a derived demand. Then the development and fruits of activity-based travel behavior research in western countries are systematically illustrated, including the fundamental theories, study methods, and the activity-based travel demand model systems. The activity-based travel theory can be summarized in two basic ideas： first, the demand for travel is derived from the demand for activities. Secondly, humans face temporal-spatial constraints. A substantial amount of analysis has been done to refine the theory, test specific behavioral hypotheses, and exploratory methods of modeling important aspects of activity-based travel behavior. Both theoretical developments are seen as two threads originating from a common behavioral assumption, namely that trip chaining is based on an r-sequential decision making process. The study method of activity-based travel behavior is mainly on three aspects： interspace-based interaction approach, utility-based approach and heuristic approach. These approaches overcome the area division limitations of the four-stage approaches and present day-to-day travel behavior of individuals and households as basic study unit. Activity-based demand forecasting model includes two aspects： econometric model and mix simulation model. These model systems gain development in three successive phases：