中文摘要：

SLAⅠ类基因编码细胞表面高度多态的糖蛋白，负责将内源性抗原肽递呈给T细胞，激发特异的免疫反应。文章介绍了近年来SLAⅠ类基因分子结构、组织中的表达、表达调节、基因分型、多态性及进化研究的新进展，重点介绍了SLAⅠ类基因分型方法及多态性研究。SLAⅠ类基因分型方法主要包括血清学法、DNA序列测定、PCR—SSP、PCR—SSOP、微卫星法，其中PCR-SSP法快速简便，在SLAⅠ类基因分型研究中应用广泛。文章对SLAⅠ类基因在基因功能、肽疫苗、异种移植等方面的研究和应用前景进行了讨论。

英文摘要：

The Swine leukocyte antigen （SLA） class Ⅰ genes encode multi-glycoproteins on cell surface, which present endogenous antigenic peptides to T cells and thus initiate specific immune responses. In this article, latest advances on molecular structure, expression in tissues, regulation of expression, genotyping, polymorphism, and evolution of SLA class Ⅰ genes were introduced, in which genotyping and polymorphism were emphasized. Molecular typing methods of SLA class Ⅰ genes include serological method, DNA sequencing, PCR-SSP, PCR-SSOP and MS, of which PCR-SSP is frequently used in genotyping of SLA class Ⅰ genes as a simple and rapid method. Future directions for the study and application of SLA class Ⅰ genes on gene functions, peptide vaccine, xenotransplantation were also discussed.