中文摘要：

通过急性毒性实验,测定了取代苯酚、苯胺类化合物及其混合物对鲫鱼的急性毒性效应,得到10种单一化合物的半致死浓度（CL50）以及12组混合物的半致死浓度（CL50mix）.采用毒性单位法、相加指数法和混合毒性指数法对混合物的联合毒性效应进行了定性评价,2-氯苯酚与取代苯酚、苯胺类化合物的联合效应以部分相加和协同作用为主.以混合物的辛醇/水分配系数的对数（lgPmix）和前沿轨道能距（ΔEmix）为结构描述符,建立了联合毒性效应的定量构效关系（QSAR）模型.结果表明,化合物的脂溶性和反应性越强,混合物联合毒性越大,所得的模型对2-氯苯酚与苯胺类混合物的毒性有较好的预测能力.

英文摘要：

The acute toxic effects of substituted phenols,anilines,and their mixtures on Carassius auratus were determined with the acute toxicity test.The median lethal concentrations,CL50 for ten single compounds and CL50mix for 12 mixtures,were obtained.The joint toxic effects of the mixtures were qualitatively estimated using the toxic unit,additive index,and mixture toxicity index methods.The mixtures of 2-chlorophenol,substituted phenols,and anilines mainly exhibited partial addition effects and synergistic effects.The quantitative structure-activity relationship（QSAR） model for the joint toxic effects was established using the structural descriptors,the logarithm of the n-octanol/water partition coefficient（lgPmix） and the frontier orbital energy gap（ΔEmix）.The results show that the toxicity of the mixtures increased with hydrophobicity and reactivity.The QSAR model can be successfully used to predict the joint toxicity of 2-chlorophenol and anilines mixtures.