中文摘要：

以耐热水稻品系996和热敏感品系4628为亲本构建的重组自交系为材料,采用水稻开花期高温胁迫下的花粉育性为指标,对水稻耐热性进行了QTL分析。采用复合区间作图法检测到2个花粉育性耐热性QTL,暂命名为qPF4和qPF6。qPF4位于第4染色体上的RM5687-RM471区间,LOD值为7.54,对高温胁迫下花粉育性的表型解释率为15.1%,来自耐热亲本996的等位基因使高温下花粉可育率提高7.15%。qPF6位于第6染色体上的RM190？RM225标记区间,LOD值为4.43,对高温胁迫下花粉育性的表型解释率为9.31%,能使高温下花粉可育率提高5.25%,加性效应亦来自耐热亲本996的等位基因。定位到的2个耐热QTL为进一步精细定位以及通过分子标记辅助选择培育耐热水稻新品种奠定了基础。

英文摘要：

The quantitative trait loci（QTLs） underlying tolerance to high temperature stress（HTS） were identified using the recombinant inbred lines（RILs） derived from a cross between the heat tolerant rice line 996 and the sensitive line 4628.Pollen fertility was used as the heat-tolerance indicator for the lines,which was determined when the lines was subjected to HTS at the flowering stage in field experiments.Two QTLs that affected pollen fertility were detected in the interval between RM5687 and RM471 on chromosome 4,and between RM190 and RM225 on chromosome 6 by using composite interval mapping（CIM） analysis.The QTL qPF4 on chromosome 4 explained 15.1% of the total variation in pollen fertility,and increased the pollen fertility of HTS-subjected plants by 7.15%.The second QTL qPF6 on chromosome 6 explained 9.31% of the total variation in pollen fertility,and increased the pollen fertility of plants subjected to HTS by 5.25%.The positive additive effects of the two QTLs were derived from the line 996 alleles.The two major QTLs identified should be useful for further fine mapping and cloning of these genes and for molecular marker-assisted selection of heat-tolerant rice cultivars.