中文摘要：

对吉林桦甸页岩油泥采用热化学清洗、溶剂萃取、热化学清洗-溶剂萃取组合3种方法进行处理,回收页岩油。萃取液浓缩后进行气相色谱-质谱分析（GC-MS）,油泥进行电镜扫描（SEM）。结果表明,热化学清洗获得最佳工况为搅拌频率250 r/min、清洗温度80℃、液固比为8∶1、清洗时间30 min、浓度6 g/L,在此工况下Na2Si O3和SDS（十二烷基硫酸钠）可使油泥残油率降为26%和27.6%。二甲苯萃取脱油效果优于热化学清洗。组合处理阶段,Na2Si O3清洗对后续萃取起促进作用,可获得96.3%的脱油率,而SDS清洗对后续萃取起抑制作用,仅获得42.7%的脱油率。SEM分析知经Na2Si O3清洗后油泥呈分散结构,增大了后续萃取油泥与溶剂接触面积。GC-MS分析知,Na2Si O3清洗对于后续二甲苯萃取轻质烃、重质烃溶出行为均起促进作用,而SDS清洗对后续二甲苯萃取轻质烃溶出行为起抑制作用。Na2Si O3清洗-二甲苯萃取是一种很好的油回收方法,具有经济价值,同时可减少石油烃对环境污染。

英文摘要：

Huadian oil shale sludge was subject to thermo-chemistry treatment,solvent extraction,and combination of the former two treatments,to reclaim shale oil. Extracts were concentrated and then went through GC-MS analysis,and the sludge was analyzed using SEM. Results showed that the optimum conditions for thermo-chemistry included the stirring rate of 250 r / min,the temperature of 80 ℃,the liquid-to-solid mass ratio of8 ∶ 1,the duration of 30 min and the concentration of 6 g / L. Under these conditions,Na2 Si O3washing and SDS washing could achieve residual oil rates of 26% and 27. 6%,respectively. Xylene extraction achieved better oil removal effect than thermo-chemistry. For combined treatment,Na2 Si O3washing could facilitate the following extraction process and achieved a removal rate of 96. 3%,while SDS washing hindered the following extraction and only achieved a removal rate of 42. 7%. SEM analysis showed that oil shale sludge evidenced dispersed structure upon Na2 Si O3washing,which increased the contact area of following extraction. GC-MS analysis showed that Na2 Si O3washing promoted the leaching behaviors of both light and heavy hydrocarbons in following extraction process,while SDS washing restrained the leaching behavior of light hydrocarbons. Combination of Na2 Si O3washing and xylene extraction is a promising oil recovery method,which generates economic benefits and can reduce environmental pollution caused by petroleum hydrocarbons.