中文摘要：

随着聚合物绝缘电力电缆电压等级的逐步提升,人们对聚合物绝缘材料的耐电性能提出更为严苛的要求。添加电压稳定剂是提高聚乙烯（PE）和交联聚乙烯（XLPE）绝缘材料耐电性能的重要方法之一,该方法具有丰富的使用经验和较好的价格优势,且新技术的不断涌现为电压稳定剂的研究提供了更多可能性。该文结合电树枝引发机制的相关研究成果,将电压稳定剂归纳为耐受局部放电及缓和强电场的电压稳定剂、俘获高能电子的电压稳定剂和电树枝引发陷阱理论相关电压稳定剂三大类,并分类阐述了其发展历程和作用机制。最后总结了电压稳定剂的研究难点和研究方向,提出电压稳定剂的大分子化、用理论化学计算方法研究电压稳定剂的作用机制以及电压稳定剂和纳米颗粒相结合是近期国内外主要的研究方向,而探究电压稳定剂在直流电缆绝缘中的应用可行性是目前亟待解决的实际问题。

英文摘要：

With the increasing of the operating voltage of polymer insulated power cable, more rigorous requirements for the electrical strength of polymer insulation are proposed. Adding voltage stabilizer is a widely used method to improve the electrical strength of polyethylene （PE） and crosslinked polyethylene （XLPE） because this method has rich application experience and great price advantage. Furthermore, the emergence of new technologies provides more opportunities for developing voltage stabilizer. Based on the research results about the electrical tree initiation mechanism, voltage stabilizers were classified into three categories： voltage stabilizers which can tolerate partial discharge or moderate high electric field, voltage stabilizers which can capture high-energy electron and voltage stabilizers which are related to the trap theory of electrical tree initiation. Their development histories and mechanisms were elaborated by category. At last, the challenges and trends of research on voltage stabilizer were summarized. It was proposed that the main recent research directions at home and abroad are the development of macromolecular voltage stabilizer, studying the mechanism of voltage stabilizer with quantum chemistry calculation method and the combined utilization of voltage stabilizer and nano-particle, while exploring the application feasibility of voltage stabilizer in DC cable insulation is a practical problem to be solved urgently.