中文摘要：

以二茂铁为催化前驱物，C2H2为碳源，N2为载气，采用浮动催化法，在蓝宝石、单晶硅、石英、玻璃以及碳纤维基底上制备了不同形貌和结构的碳纳米管。利用扫描电子显微镜和Raman光谱对碳纳米管的形貌和微结构进行了表征。结果表明在蓝宝石和石英基底上所生长的碳纳米管薄膜具有较好的定向性和较高的石墨化程度；单晶硅基底上碳纳米管薄膜呈“底疏顶密”分布；而玻璃和碳纤维基底上所生长的碳纳米管不具有定向性。最后，对不同基底对碳纳米管生长的影响进行了分析和讨论。

英文摘要：

Using ferrocene as catalyst precesor, C2H2 as carbon source gas and N2 as carrier gas, carbon nanotubes （CNTs） with different morphologies and microstructures were synthesized on sapphire, silicon, quartz, glass and carbon fibers substrates by floating catalyst method. The morphology and microstructure of CNTs were characterized by scanning electron microscope （ SEM ） and Raman spectroscope, respectively. The results showed that the CNTs films grown on sapphire and quartz substrates had high alignment and graphitization degree; the density of the CNTs film grown on silicon substrate gradually increased from bottom to top; However, the CNTs films were not aligned, which were grown on glass and carbon fibers substrates. Finally, the effect of different substrates on the growth of carbon nanotubes was analyzed and discussed.