中文摘要：

玉米粗缩病是近十年来危害我国部分玉米产区的主要病害之一,挖掘抗粗缩病玉米种质,进而培育抗病品种是防治粗缩病危害最经济有效的途径。选用184份常用玉米自交系（包括111份普通玉米和73份糯玉米）于2009—2010年在玉米粗缩病重发区江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所试验田进行田间自然鉴定;同时利用117对SSR引物对供试的玉米自交系进行多态性检测,按UPGMA方法,利用Powermarker 3.0软件对184份自交系进行系统聚类分析。筛选出2份高抗（T877和YJ7）、6份抗病普通自交系和2份糯玉米抗性种质。基于644个SSR多态性位点,结合系谱资料和育种实践,将184份自交系划为9个杂种优势亚群。自交系4S及其衍生系（第VI亚群）和来源于美国杂交种78599的玉米自交系（第VIII亚群）为玉米抗粗缩病育种的重要种质。

英文摘要：

Maize rough dwarf disease generally caused by rice black-streaked dwarf virus（RBSDV） has been one of the main diseases in parts of maize production area in recent 10 years.Mining maize rough dwarf virus（MRDV） resistant germplasm and then breeding resistant variety is an economical and effective approach to control the disease.One hundred and eighty-four inbred lines including 111 common maize and 73 waxy maize were screened for reaction to MRDV under field conditions during 2009 and 2010 at Nantong,Jiangsu province,China.The genetic diversity of the tested materials was investigated based on 117 polymorphic SSR markers.Cluster analysis of 184 inbred lines was conducted based on genetic similarities from SSR data by using Powermarker 3.0 software with UPGMA method.The disease evaluation resulted in identification of two and eight inbred lines with high resistance and resistance to MRDV,respectively,among them two waxy inbred lines were identified.UPGMA analysis indicated that 184 inbred lines could be classified into nine sub-groups,which were generally consistent with their known pedigree information and breeder＇s experiences.Two sub-groups that separately derived from 4S and US hybrid 78599 had better resistance to MRDV than other seven sub-groups and could be used as core germplasm in genetic improvement of maize for rough dwarf disease resistance in Jiangsu province.