中文摘要：

将生物催化剂运用到有机相催化具有多种优势,然而酶是一类不稳定的催化剂,很容易在有机溶剂存在的条件下失去活性。耐有机溶剂微生物是一类新颖的极端微生物,它们可以在高浓度有机溶剂的存在下生存,而这类微生物所产生的一些酶类往往具有耐有机溶剂的性能。随着这一领域的研究和发展,从这类极端微生物中寻找高效生物催化剂逐渐成为新的研究热点,并被越来越多的运用到有机相生物催化领域。本文综述了新型耐有机溶剂催化剂的开发、应用与发展,并讨论了该领域的研究所带来的机遇与挑战。

英文摘要：

Biocatalysts for application in the presence of organic solvents have various kinds of advantages. Unfortunately, enzymes are generally very labile catalysts and easily lose their activity in the presence of organic solvents. Organic solvent tolerant bacteria are a novel group of extremophilic microorganisms with various adaptations to thrive in the presence of high concentrations of organic solvents, and some enzymes form them with organic solvent tolerant ability as well. With the exploitation and development of the field, the search for high effective biocatalysts from these kinds of bacteria has become a novel research hotspot, and they are more and more using for application in the field of organic phase biocatalysis. In this review, we describe the exploitation and application and development of these kinds of novel organic solvent tolerant biocatalysts, and the facing opportunities and challenges in the field is discussed.