中文摘要：

选取148名4岁儿童,运用实验法考察了幼儿的愿望采择发展水平对其情感决策的影响。结果表明：（1）幼儿的愿望采择水平对其情感决策具有显著影响。情境中他人愿望信息充足时,幼儿会采择他人愿望并以此为线索为他人决策,但对线索的利用程度受其愿望采择水平的制约。（2）在无关于他人愿望信息提示的条件下,4岁儿童为他人与为自己的情感决策不存在显著差异。（3）4岁儿童能够采择他人的单一愿望,但其冲突愿望采择能力还不成熟。

英文摘要：

It is known that perspective taking abilities play a significant role in the development of affective decision making in young children. However,till now no research did make an explicit explanation for the mechanism that how perspective taking effect on affective decision making. So the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of developmental level of desire taking on affective decision taking of Chinese young children. According to the analysis of the delay gratification task in our research,desire taking was the principal premise in making an advantaged decision for others in delay gratification task. Two hypotheses were made in this study,that is,（1） others＇ desire cues should improve young children＇s performance of making decision for others in delay gratification task,but not for themselves; （2） how young children use others＇ desire-cuing information depended on their developmental level of desire taking ability. The sample in this study comprised 148 4-year-old children. Participants were recruited from families with different SES in Sichuan and Zhejiang,China. In experiment 1,two adapted desire taking tasks were used,one was single desire taking task,another was conflicting desire task. According to performances in experiment 1,participants were divided into two groups with different developmental level of desire taking （high level and low level）. In experiment 2,each level group was divided into three subgroups,in which three types of other＇s desire cues were manipulated. These desire-cuing conditions were called as single desire,conflicting desire and no desire cuing respectively. No other＇s desire cues were given to the participants in the no desire condition. A single desire cue of other was given in the single desire condition,and a conflicting desire cue of other was given in the conflicting desire condition. In each delay gratification task,the participants were asked to make a decision for others and for themselves. Once making a delay gratification decision one