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中文摘要：
肺结核给全球特别是发展中国家和地区的公共卫生健康带来严重危害。潜伏期、耐药性肺结核的检测,以及患者依从性差给全球肺结核的预防和控制提出了新的难题。WHO要求对结核病检测成本低廉、使用方便、快速可靠、无需设备,且普及性强。因此,本文总结了现有的基于免疫血清学和分子生物学开发的肺结核诊断产品,以及即时诊断（point-of-care testing,POCT）技术的最新研究进展,以期为将来开发新型高效的结核病POCT技术和产品提供思路。
英文摘要：
Tuberculosis（TB） has caused a significant medical threat to global health,especially in the developing countries.Latent infection,the spread of drug resistance TB strains and poor patient adherence exacerbate the prevention and control of TB around the world.To promote the use of rapid test for detection of infectious diseases,the World Health Organization（WHO） has released a set of guidelines for developing appropriate diagnostic tools,which are affordable,sensitive,specific,user-friendly,rapid and robust,equipment-free,and deliverable.Nevertheless,there is a lack of such diagnostic tools for TB diagnosis.Thus,we here review current research and development of point-of-care testing（POCT） for TB diagnostics to guide further development of TB rapid tests.
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