中文摘要：

目的 探讨云南省居民区鼠疫宿主动物地理分布格局及其与鼠疫的关系.方法 根据云南省不同经纬度、海拔等自然环境条件,在2007年4月至2012年11月,选取云南省17个县（市）的自然村作为调查点,开展室内鼠和蚤的种类、数量和生物量的调查,运用群落结构指标对居民区鼠类的群落特征和沿环境梯度的空间分布进行研究.结果 在调查的17个县（市）室内共捕获小兽390只,经分类鉴定隶属于3目4科7属11种.其中,黄胸鼠、大足鼠、褐家鼠为居民区优势种,分别占33.85％（132/390）、20.77％（81/390）和16.92％（66/390）.居民区鼠类的经度分布,以黄胸鼠最广,东经98°～105°均有分布,其次为褐家鼠、斑胸鼠和小家鼠;室内鼠类纬度分布和垂直分布相似,均以黄胸鼠分布最广,北纬21°～＜28°和海拔500～＜3 500 m均有分布,其构成比随着纬度和海拔的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势,逐渐更替为大足鼠、齐氏姬鼠等鼠种.室内鼠疫宿主动物的物种丰富度随经纬度增加呈现先增高后降低的分布格局,分别在东经98°～＜101°和北纬23°～＜28°形成高峰,而垂直分布显示出低海拔和高海拔地带物种丰富度相对较低的特征,高峰为1 000～＜1 500 m和2 000～＜2 500 m垂直带.结论 云南居民区鼠疫宿主动物的地理空间分布均表现为聚集型分布,经纬度和海拔等重要环境因素不仅决定着不同疫源地室内鼠疫宿主动物的地理分布格局,也直接影响鼠疫流行和传播的模式.

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the geographical distribution of plague host animals in residential areas and the association between plague and its distribution pattern in Yunnan Province.Methods A systematic investigation on fauna and community ecology of rodents was carried out in residential areas of 17 counties（cities） of Yunnan Province,southwestern China with different longitude,latitude and elevation from May 2007 to November 2012.The characteristics of the spatial distribution of flea communities along environmental gradients were analyzed using community structure indexes.Results A total of 390 small mammals were trapped in seventeen counties （cities）,and the mammals were classified into 11 species and 7 genus in 4 families.Among all small host mammals,Rattus tanezumi,Rattus nitidus and Rattus norvegicus were dominant species of host animals in residential areas,accounting for 33.85% （132/390）,20.77% （81/390） and 16.92% （66/390）,respectively.The horizontal distribution of rodents showed that Rattus tanezumi was the widest species in residential areas,which was found at the longitude 98°-105°,followed by Rattus norvegicus,Rattus yunnanensis and Mus musculus.The vertical and latitudinal distributions of rodents were similar in residential areas.Rattus tanezumi was also the widest distributed species,which was observed at the latitude 21°-〈 28°N and at the altitude 500-〈 3 500 m; the constituent of Rattus tanezumi showed similar trends of leaning peak curves,first gradually increasing and then decreasing with the increase of latitude and elevation; Rattus tanezumi gradually changed into Rattus nitidus and Apodemus chevrieri,et al.The richness spatial distribution patterns of host animals showed similar trends of leaning peak curves which gradually increased and then decreased with increasing of longitude and latitude; the highest richness was observed at the longitude 98°-〈 101°E and at the latitude 23°-〈 28°N.While,the richness spatial d istribution patterns of host animals we