中文摘要：

【目的】了解云南居民区鼠类寄生蚤的群落结构和空间分布特征。【方法】根据云南不同经纬度、海拔等自然环境条件，于2007年4月-2012年11月，选取云南17个县（市）居民区作为样区，系统开展鼠类体外寄生蚤的调查，运用群落结构指标对居民区鼠类寄生蚤的群落特征和沿环境梯度的空间分布进行研究。【结果】结果显示：在调查的17个县（市）室内共检获鼠类体外寄生蚤521头，隶属4科7亚科9属12种。居民区寄生蚤的纬度和垂直分布类似，低纬度和低海拔范围的种类相对较少，印鼠客蚤和缓慢细蚤是室内寄生蚤的优势种。相对纬度和海拔较高的区域，居民区寄生蚤种类增多，但优势种不突出；在经度水平分布上，蚤种类于99°～101°E经度带形成一个高峰，室内寄生的优势种印鼠客蚤和缓慢细蚤几乎在所有经度带都可见到分布，显示了较宽的生态幅。另外，居民区寄生蚤物种丰富度和多样性指数水平分布（纬度）和垂直分布呈现为单峰格局，总体显示随着纬度和海拔的升高，先升高后降低的分布特征，而在另一个水平分布（经度），则呈现由西向东呈递减的趋势。【结论】研究认为，云南居民区蚤类的空间分布表现为独特的地理区域特征，气候环境、森林植被和人类生活生产方式通过影响蚤类栖息生境来影响蚤类的分布。

英文摘要：

[ Aim ] To understand the characteristics of community structure and spatial distribution of ectoparasite fleas on rodents in residential areas in Yunnan province, southwestern China. [ Methods ] The systematic investigation on the fauna and community ecology of ectoparasite fleas on rodents were carried out in residential areas of 17 counties of Yunnan province, southwestern China with different longitude, latitude and elevation from May 2007 to November 2012. The characteristics of the spatial distribution of flea communities along environmental gradients were analyzed using community structure indexes. [ Results] A total of 521 fleas were collected from the body surface of rodents from residential areas in the seventeen counties, and these fleas were classified into 12 species of 9 genera in 7 subfamilies of 4 families. The vertical and latitudinal distributions of fleas were similar in residential areas. The number of flea species was relatively less in the low latitude and altitude range, and Xenopsylla cheopis and Leptopsylla segnis were the dominant species of indoor parasitic fleas. However, in the high latitude and altitude region, although more species were found, the dominant species was not prominent. The horizontal distribution of flea species richness showed one peak along the longitudinal gradient, and the highest richness was observed at the longitude 99° -101°E. The indoor dominant species X. cheopis and L. segnis can be distributed in almost all longitudes, displaying a wide ecological amplitude feature. In addition, the richness and diversity spatial distribution pattems of fleas showed the similar trends of leaning peak curves, first gradually increasing and then decreasing with the increase of latitude and elevation. The geographical distribution of flea species diversity, however, showed gradually decreasing tendency from west to east in longitude distribution. [ Conclusion ] The spatial patterns of fleas communities in residential areas show unique geographic characteristics in Yunnan, an