为有效解决水下噪声源近场定位问题,本文针对常规聚焦波束形成及MVDR聚焦波束形成定位方法的空间分辨率不高及无法处理相干声源的缺点,介绍了基于最大似然估计的辐射噪声源近场定位方法,并利用遗传算法寻求最大似然估计的全局最优解,从而实现水下噪声源近场高分辨定位.通过计算机仿真及湖试数据处理验证了该方法可以实现辐射噪声源近场高分辨定位,且仅利用小孔径基阵就可以清晰分辨间距大约1m的两相干声源,具有很高的工程应用价值.
In order to make it easier to determine the orientation of nearby underwater noise sources, a means was developed to measure the orientation of local radiant noises based on maximum likelihood estimation. This was pro- posed because normally focused beam forming and minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) focused beam forming orientating methods have shortcomings, such as low resolution, and are useless in dealing with coherent sources. A heredity algorithm was used to find an optimized solution to maximum likelihood estimation. High resolution orientation of underwater noise sources was then achievable. A computer simulation and data from lake tests all proved the method effectively orients local underwater noise sources with high resolution. In addition, small sized arrays can also clearly distinguish two coherent sources that are less than 1 meter apart. This research should be very useful in engineering practice.