中文摘要：

Z轴提升量与单层堆积高度的匹配是高质量倾斜薄壁件激光熔覆成形的关键因素,因此,提出变Z轴提升量法对圆弧截面倾斜薄壁件进行熔覆成形。在三轴开环条件下,通过熔覆成形竖直和倾斜薄壁件试验,得到偏移量ΔX与提升量ΔZ之间的关系曲线。结果表明,随着偏移量的增大,提升量逐渐减小,且当ΔX在0.06~0.08 mm区间段时ΔZ减小最快;成形的倾斜件最大倾斜角为36.6°。由关系曲线计算出圆弧等分点处的偏移量和提升量构成二维数组,再用Matlab对数组按圆弧形状筛选组合,模拟出优化的截面轨迹规划路径。采用模拟得到的逐层偏移量和提升量组合,熔覆136层,成形出圆弧截面倾斜薄壁件,成形高度尺寸最大偏差0.78 mm,与模拟结果相符,验证了变Z轴提升量法熔覆成形圆弧截面倾斜薄壁件的有效性。

英文摘要：

The matching of Z-increment and single cladding layer height is a key factor for improving cladding quality of thin-walled parts,so arc-section inclined thin-walled parts are formed by laser cladding forming with variable Z-increments.Under three-axis and open-loop control,the relationship curve between offset and Z-increment is obtained by laser cladding vertical and inclined thin parts.The result shows that Z-increment decreases gradually with offset increasing and when the offset ΔX is between 0.06 and 0.08 mm,the Z-increment ΔZ reaches its maximum decreasing rate.The biggest slope angle of deposited inclined thin parts is 36.6°.The offsets and Z-increments at the quinquesection points calculated by the relationship curve compose two-dimensional arrays.The optimized cross-section path is simulated by filtering and combining the arrays in accordance with the arc shape through Matlab program.Using the arrays of offsets and Z-increments obtained,arc-section inclined thin-walled parts with 136 layers are formed,and the dimension error of cladding height is under 0.78 mm,which is in agreement with the simulation and demonstrates the feasibility of forming arc-section inclined thin-walled parts with the method of variable Z-increments.