中文摘要：

对乌鲁木齐市建成区和郊区不同用地类型土壤样品的磁学特征、空间变化规律及初步的环境指示意义进行了研究。结果表明：城市土壤磁性矿物平均含量适中，主要以多畴亚铁磁性矿物主导，同时含有少量不完全反铁磁性矿物。建成区土壤磁性矿物中超顺磁性矿物粒度含量非常少，郊区由超顺和粗磁颗粒共同构成。从磁性参数的空间分布特征来看，磁性矿物含量呈现出工业区、交通密集区以及其他人类活动强烈地区含量高，北部的耕地和其他3个方向的未利用地含量低的变化规律，而且建成区特别是工业区附近存在较多的多畴亚铁磁性矿物和相对较高的不完全反铁磁性矿物。通过对磁性参数空间分布特征的分析，初步得出建成区比受人为因素影响相对较少的郊区土壤磁性强，与建成区工矿企业生产、汽车尾气和其他人为活动产生的粗颗粒亚铁磁性的污染物相关。

英文摘要：

With population overpressure and rapid urbanization, various pollutants are continual emitted to the en- vironment system and cause a potential threat to the system of the urban environment. Urban soils are the ＂recipi- ents＂ of large amounts of pollutants from a variety of sources, such as iron and steel works, cement works. Public boilers and road traffic also contribute to contamination by anthropogenic ferromagnetic minerals. The great number of industrial-and human activities which originate polluting waste containing heavy metals makes necessary to devel-op an alternative methodology that allows us to monitor the pollution and identify the sources and extent of contami- nants, in a simple and economical way. Due to the presence of magnetic particles in pollutants, during last decade, the magnetic method has been proposed as an alternative method for monitoring of anthropogenic pollution. A grow- ing number of studies using the techniques of magnetism of rocks have been applied to environmental problems, thus creating a new branch of research commonly called ＂environmental magnetism＂. This methodology is fast, economic and can be applied in various research fields. Recent studies have demonstrated the advantages and the potential of the environmental magnetism methods as valuable aids in the detection and delimitation of areas affected by pollu- tion. These methods are based on the assumption that industrial and traffic processes, which use fossil fuel combus- tion, release into the atmosphere particulate matter （fly ash） containing a significant proportion of magnetic miner- als. The aim of this study was to analyze the properties of magnetic parameters of concentration, composition and par- ticle size for the urban topsoils, the spatial distribution under different circumstances of land use and to document initially the environmental implications of magnetic properties. In this paper, the 45 topsoil samples （0-10 cm） were collected from the different land use types in built-up areas and sub