中文摘要：

在国内外学者对中国延续上千年的分家制度已有较多讨论的基础上，本文对清代巴蜀移民家族分家的影响与后果展开研究。随着家族人口增多，周期性的分家成为家族分裂的起点。对分家后的“二次创业”进行分析，可见中国解决人口压力的方式既有向心式的、内敛式的提高劳动生产率，也有外延式的不断膨胀、扩大的人口向外迁移及对资源的外延式拓展。但无论以何种方式解决人口压力，人口过度增长造成资源压力，以及带来一系列社会问题是不容忽视的。

英文摘要：

The domestic and foreign scholars has high level academic discussion on the brotherhood separation tradition lasted for thousands of years in China. Based on the existing academic achievements, This paper intends to study the effects and consequences of the brotherhood separation of immigrant families in Ba-Shu area in Qing Dynasty. This paper considers that the brotherhood separation periodic along with the family population increased, actually become the starting point of the family division. Analysis of the second enterprising after the brotherhood separation can be seen that the way to solve the population pressure on resources have centripetal introverted style that improve labor productivity, also have way of denotation that population migration, and the way of extensive that develop resources. But no matter which way to solve the population pressure, excessive population growth cause the pressure on resources, and bring a series of social problems can not be ignored.