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高红外发射率和高导电率聚苯胺薄膜的制备

ISSN号：1000-3304
期刊名称：《高分子学报》
时间：0
分类：O633.21[理学—高分子化学;理学—化学]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院大学,北京100039, [2]中国科学院长春应用化学研究所生态环境高分子材料重点实验室,长春130022
相关基金：国家自然科学基金（基金号51021003）资助项目.

作者：鞠洪岩[1,2], 詹磊[2], 付大光[2], 李季[2], 王献红[2], 王佛松[2]

关键词：电化学聚合, 聚苯胺, 发射率, 电导率, 助剂, Electrochemical polymerization, Polyaniline, Emissivity, Conductivity, Additive

中文摘要：

通过研究无机盐和麦芽糊精（maltodextrin）等助剂对电化学聚合的导电聚苯胺膜的红外发射率和电导率的影响，制备了同时具有高发射率和高电导率的聚苯胺膜．研究表明，采用合适的助剂可以调节聚苯胺膜的粗糙度，进而调节聚苯胺膜的发射率．以体积较小的无机盐（NaCI或LiCl）为助剂时，可在一定程度上增加膜的粗糙度，红外发射率则可增加0．16-0．26，而采用体积较大的有机分子如麦芽糊精为助剂时可大幅增加聚苯胺膜的粗糙度，红外发射率增加了0．53，达到0．84．探讨了采用麦芽糊精（mahodextrin）助剂合成的聚苯胺具有高发射率的原因，指出麦芽糊精中含有不同分子量和体积大分子，使聚苯胺的微孔具有分形结构，有利于吸收不同波长的红外辐射，进而提高了膜的发射率．同时研究了助剂对聚苯胺膜电导率的影响，指出采用麦芽糊精作为助剂时，聚苯胺膜同时具有高发射率（ε=0．84）和高电导率（σ=109S／cm）．

英文摘要：

High-infrared emissitivity and high-electrical conductivity polyaniline （PANI） films were prepared by electrochemical deposition of aniline in aqueous solution of camphorsufonated acid （CSA） in the presence of additives such as the inorganic salt or maltodextrin,etc. The roughness and emissivity of PANI films can be adjusted by addition of a suitable additive. When small size inorganic salts like NaC1 or LiC1 were used as additives,the roughness of PANI films was enhanced accompanied with 0. 16 - 0.26 increase in infrared emissivity. Large size organic molecules such as mahodextrin can significantly enhance the roughness of PANI films,and infrared emissivity can reach 0.84 with an increment of 0.53. The increasing emissivity of PANI films may be attributed to the particular surface morphology, where deep-cave structure exists, accompanied by hill-like and ridge-like patterns. The particular surface morphology of PANI films formed by the maltodextrin molecules with different molecular weight and size was beneficial for the absorption of infrared radiation with different wavelengths, and thereby the emissivity of films increased. Considering that high concentrations of maltodextrin may destroy the intactness of films rendering films fracture and low electrical conductivity, polyacrylic acid was chosen as the second additive. In an electrolyte consisting of 1 mol/L mahodextrin and 0. 3×10^-3 mol/L polyacrylie acid,intact PANI film with emissivity of 0. 84 and conductivity of up to 109 S/ cm can be prepared.