中文摘要：

采用蒙特卡罗方法数值研究了杂质对α粒子卢瑟福散射的影响。杂质原子根据靶材的纯度以给定的概率随机替换靶材原晶格的原子。研究结果表明,考虑杂质后,出射粒子随散射角分布的曲线中形成了新的峰,峰的位置随杂质元素原子序数的增加向大角度方向移动;杂质的原子序数越低、含量越高,对卢瑟福散射出射粒子角分布的影响越明显;同时,入射粒子能量越低,杂质产生的峰对分布曲线的影响越明显。此外,对典型的C6＋、N7＋等重离子束的卢瑟福散射的模拟计算结果表明,重离子束对杂质有更好的分辨率。

英文摘要：

The effect of impurities on the Rutherford scattering experiment was analyzed numerically based on the Monte Carlo method.The positions of target atoms in the crystal lattices were replaced by impurity＇s atoms and it is proportional to the purity quotient of target.Taking into account the effect of impurity,the results show that the presence of impurity leads to a new peak in the angular distribution of the outgoing particle and the location of this new peak moves to the larger angle with increasing atomic number.Meanwhile,the lower the atomic number and the higher the content of the impurity element are,the more contribution to the formation of newly angular distribution peak is.At the same time,lower average energy of incident particles results in significant effect of the impurity.In addition,the analysis results of the typical heavy ion beam of C6＋and N7＋on the Rutherford scattering experiment with the presence of impurities indicate that improved distinguishability could be obtained comparing with theαparticle.