中文摘要：

青岛作为北方严重缺水城市之一，其水资源的合理利用对青岛的发展至关重要。通过对大沽河流域土壤水、地下水的长期观测，利用简化后的土壤水量平衡方程并结合Hydrus一1d软件对地下水浅埋区农田土壤水与地下水的转化关系进行了分析和计算，同时得到了该区域土壤水资源量。结果表明，土壤水分与降雨、地下水位埋深存在较快的响应关系；土壤水与地下水可以相互补给，且不同时期具有不同的转化特征：玉米生长期内土壤水与地下水的交换频繁，且容易出现农田土壤水分渗漏以及地下水位剧烈波动，期间土壤水补给地下水228．0mm，地下水补给土壤水287．5mm；而小麦生长期内未进行农田灌溉时，土壤水与地下水几乎为单向联系，主要由地下水补给土壤水，且补给量变化较玉米期稳定，期间土壤水补给地下水70．09mm，地下水补给土壤水266．9mm；通过计算得到研究区土壤水资源量为439．1万m3，这对于农作物的生长具有重要的作用，应制定合理的灌溉方案，最大限度利用土壤水资源，从而达到农业节水的目的。

英文摘要：

Qingdao is one of the cities in North China, running short of water supply. So it is very important to preserve and save water resources for Qingdao＇ s sustainable development. In this paper, on the basis of a large number of field experiments and long-term stationary observations conducted in farmlands in the Dagu River Basin in Qingdao, a series of basic information, such as soil moisture, groundwater table depth, soil physicochemical properties, precipitation, irrigation, meteorology and some others were acquired for analysis and computation with the soil water balance equation coupled with the Hydrus-ld software to explore relationship between farmland soil water and groundwater in areas with shallow groundwater table, and further to determine quantity of the soil water resources in this region. Results show that soil moisture regime responds quickly to precipitation and depth of groundwater table; soil water and groundwater supplements each other mutually; and the transformation varies in characteristic with the season. During the corn growing season, soil water and groundwater exchanges frequently, as a result, soil water leaching and drastic fluctuation of groundwater table is likely to occur. During this period, soil water supplements groundwater with 228.0 mm of water and the latter does the former with 287.5mm, while during the wheat growing season, as there is no irrigation done, the relationship of mutual supplementation almost becomes that of one-way supplementation, that is, from groundwater to soil water, quite stable in rate, compared to the corn growing season, soil water supplies groundwater with 70.09 mm and the latter does the former with 266.9 mm. Through calculation, the soil water resource in the study area was worked out to be 4.395 million cubic meters and plays an important role in guaranteeing crops growth. It is essential to formulate a reasonable irrigation scheme so as to make the best use of the soil water resources, and to achieve the goal of water saving agriculture.