中文摘要：

通过对由条状永磁体组成的组合磁体与单畴GdBCO超导体在零场冷情况下磁悬浮力的测量，研究了5种不同组态下组合磁体之间距离的变化对超导体磁悬浮力的影响．结果发现，当条状永磁体之间的距离D从0 mm增加到30mm时，超导体的磁悬浮力大小与组合磁体排列形式有着密切关系（以Z=5mm为例）：1）对由3个条状永磁体组成的组合磁体，当中间磁体的磁极N向上、两侧磁体的磁极N均水平指向中间磁体时，超导体的磁悬浮力从22．8N减小到9．7N；当中间磁体的磁极N向上、两侧磁体的磁极N均向下时，超导体的磁悬当两个磁体的磁极N均向上时，超导体的磁悬浮力从11．2N减小到1．2N；当两个磁体的磁极N均在水平方向且浮力先从9．2N增加到13．9N、再减小到10．4N．2）对由2个条状永磁体组成的组合磁体，反平行时，超导体的磁悬浮力先从6．ON增加到6．8N，再减小到2．9N．3）对1个条状永磁体，D=0，当磁体的磁极N向上时，超导体的磁悬浮力为9．5N．这些结果表明，只有通过科学合理地设计永磁体的组合形式和具体结构参数，才能获得最大的磁悬浮力，该结果对优化磁悬浮系统设计和超导体的应用具有重要的指导意义．

英文摘要：

By measuring the levitation forces between a single domain GdBCO bulk superconductor and assembled bar magnets （ABM） in different configurations at liquid nitrogen temperature, the effects of ABM configurations on the levitation force of single domain GdBCO bulk superconductor are investigated. The maximum levitation force is obtained at the same vertical gap distance Z = 5 mm between the superconductor and the ABM for configurations with different lateral gap distance（D）between the magnets of the ABM. It is found that 1） for the ABM consisting of 3 bar magnet, the levitation force of the GdBCO bulk decreases from 22.8N to 9.7N with the D value increasing from 0 to 30 mm, when the magnetic pole N of the middle magnet is pointed upwards and the directions of magnetic pole N of two side magnets are pointed to the middle magnet in horizontal direction; the levitation force of the GdBCO bulk increases first from 9.2N to 13.9N and then decreases tol0.4 N with D value increasing from 0 to 30ram, if the magnetic pole N of the middle magnet is pointed upwards and the directions of magnetic pole N of two side magnets are pointed downwards;2）for the ABM consisting of 2 bar magnets, the levitation force of the GdBCO bulk decreases from l 1.2N to 1.2N with D value increasing from 0 to 30mm, when the directions of magnetic pole N of two side magnets are pointed upwards ; the levitation force of the GdBCO bulk increases first from 6. ON to 6.8N and then decreases to 2.9N with D value increasing from 0 to 30mm, if the directions of magnetic pole N of two magnets are anti-parallel in horizontal direction; 3） for the ABM consisting of only 1 bar magnets, D = 0, and the levitation force of the GdBCO bulk is about 9.5N. The results indicate that the magnet configuration and its detailed parameters of ABM are very important for improving the levitation force of a superconductor and helpful for designing and application based on the superconducting magnetic levitation system.