中文摘要：

Forkhead box O（FoxOs）转录因子在调控机体代谢中发挥重要作用,在种属间高度保守,并受胰岛素信号控制。FoxOs在胰岛素敏感组织如肝脏、胰腺、骨骼肌和胃肠道中表达。在机体能量摄入受限或饥饿状态下,FoxOs位于细胞核内,激活相关基因转录,增加肝脏葡萄糖产生,减少胰岛素分泌,增加采食量,引起骨骼肌降解,为葡萄糖异生提供底物;然而在能量摄入过多或胰岛素抵抗时FoxOs被激活,失去转录调节活性;同时,FoxOs还参与调控细胞分化、增殖和细胞存活。本文综述了FoxOs转录因子控制胰岛素敏感组织中相关基因表达,从而调控机体代谢和组织发育。了解FoxOs转录因子的功能和作用机制,将为调控激素敏感组织发育和机体能量代谢提供依据。

英文摘要：

Forkhead Box O（FoxO）transcription factors play an important role in modulating metabolic functions.FoxOs,which are conserved beyond species and regulated by insulin signaling pathway,are usually expressed in insulin-sensitive tissues,such as liver,pancreas,skeletal muscle and gastrointestinal tract.In calorie restriction or starvation,FoxOs are present in nucleus of cells.They active transcription,increase hepatic gluconeogenesis,decrease insulin secretion,increase feed intake and cause degradation of skeletal muscle for supplying substrates of gluconeogenesis.While in the case of insulin resistance or excessive calorie intake,FoxOs are activated and lose the transcription activity.Also,FoxOs regulate the development of insulin-sensitive tissues by controlling cell differentiation,proliferation,and survival.In this paper,the metabolism and cell cycle related genes controlled by FoxOs in insulin-sensitive tissues and the consequently metabolic effects were reviewed.Further clarification of the function and mechanism of FoxOs in insulin-sensitive tissues will strengthen our understanding about tissues development and energy metabolism.