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中文摘要：
为实现大范围干旱的实时监测,开发了基于模拟土壤含水量的干旱监测技术.采用VIC（variable infiltration capacity）大尺度水文模型模拟了30 km网格尺度的逐日土壤含水量,建立了土壤含水量距平指数（SMAPI）,分析了其在2002年山东干旱和2010年西南地区干旱监测中的作用.结果表明,SMAPI具有较明确的物理意义,能够反映大范围干旱在时间和空间上的发生、发展及变化趋势.基于模拟土壤含水量的干旱监测技术,可为全面认识干旱,有效预防和减轻干旱灾害提供技术支持.
英文摘要：
For real-time drought monitoring on a large scale, a drought monitoring technology based on simulation of soil moisture was developed. A macro-scale hydrological model, the variable infiltration capacity （VIC） model, was used to simulate the daily soil moisture with a spatial resolution of 30 km - 30 km. The soil moisture anomaly percentage index （SMAPI） was established, and its performance was analyzed through its application to the drought monitoring in Shandong Province in 2002 and in Southwest China in 2010. The results show that SMAPI has clear physical meanings and can reflect the characteristics of occurrence, development, and change trends of large-scale droughts in time and space. The drought monitoring technology based on simulation of soil moisture can provide technical support for comprehensive understanding of drought and effective prevention and mitigation of drought.
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