中文摘要：

目的探索全钒氧化还原液流电池中电流密度、电解液浓度、电解液流量大小等操作参数对钒电池性能、能量效率的影响.方法将Nafion117膜、石墨毡和带流场的集流板组装成全钒液流电池,采用日本菊水电子工业株式会社制造的液流电池测试平台,测试了全钒液流电池充放电特性、库伦效率、电压效率和能量效率,分析了充放电电流和电解液浓度对全钒液流电池充放电特性、库伦效率、电压效率和能量效率的影响.结果研究发现：增大充放电电流密度和电解液浓度,可以缩短全钒液流电池充放电时间;增大充放电电流密度,可提高电池的库伦效率,而降低电池的电压效率和能量效率;增大电解液浓度,电池的库伦效率、电压效率和能量效率都降低.结论增大电流密度,可以降低电池的自放电和减少电池的副反应的发生,从而减少电池的充放电时间,电池的库伦效率增加;增大电流密度,欧姆极化产生的电压损失增加,电池的能量效率和电压效率降低;增大电解液浓度,单位体积内参加电化学反应的活化分子数增加,在电解液体积一定的情况下,电池的充放电时间缩短,库伦效率、电压效率和能量效率增加;增大电解液流量,电池的传质电压损失减少,浓差极化产生的过电位减少,电池性能越好.研究结果对优化全钒液流电池的操作参数、推动其运用具有重要意义.

英文摘要：

The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of operating parameters include the current density, concentration of electrolyte and the size of electrolyte flow of vanadium redox flow battery on the performance and the battery energy efficiency. A vanadium redox flow battery was assembled with Nafion117 membrane, felt of graphite electrode and collector plate sculptured the flow field. Charging characteristics, discharging characteristics, coulomb efficiency, voltage and energy efficiency of batteries were tested by using KIKUSUI manufacturing flow battery test platform. The influence of charge and discharge current density and electrolyte concentration were ana- lyzed. It is found that the battery charge and discharge time become shorter with the increasing of current density and electrolyte concentration. Coulomb efficiency increases with the increasing of the current density, but voltage efficiency and energy efficiency decrease. Coulomb efficiency, voltage and energy efficiency are improved due to the rise of electrolyte concentration. The increment of current density can reduce the self-discharge and the side-reaction of the battery, reduce the bat- tery charge and discharge time, and increase the coulomb efficiency of the battery. In addition, with the increasing of the current density, the voltage generated in the ohm polarization loss increases, the energy efficiency and voltage efficiency decrease ; with the increasing of the electrolyte concentration, the number of active molecules of electrochemical reaction in per unit volume increases. When the electrolytic liquid volume is constant, charge and discharge time of the battery is cut down, the coulomb efficiency, voltage efficiency and energy efficiency increase;with the increase of the electrolyte flow rate, the mass transfer voltage loss decreases, and the overvoltage produced by concentration polarization is decreased. The performance of battery is improved. Conclusion is that the obtained research results are very important for optimizing paramet