中文摘要：

迄今为止对华南地区古—中生界褶皱构造变形形成时期的主流认识是晚中生代的燕山期,但是笔者近年通过对黄陵背斜露头剖面的观察、地质图分析和前人认识的资料汇总,认为黄陵背斜经历过早白垩世以前印支—晚燕山运动的构造变形,晚白垩世、古—始新世经历了伸展隆升或变质核杂岩的形成过程,最终的挤压褶皱构造变形发生在渐新世末大约24.6Ma,即新生代的喜山运动中期。通过研究得到两点启示：（1）引起华南地区NNE走向挤压褶皱与推覆构造最后定型的＂四川运动＂不是发生在早年谭锡畴和李春昱根据当时资料定位的晚白垩世的燕山期,而应该是古近纪渐新世末的喜山期;形成＂四川运动＂的宏观背景是始新世中期—渐新世太平洋板块运动的转向,即从43～36Ma以前的太平洋板块向NNW俯冲转为向NWW俯冲,以致构成对中国东部包括扬子—华南板块在内的NWW向挤压,形成中国东部从华南到东北以NNE走向为主的挤压褶皱、推覆构造变形及相应的盆-山地貌,和李四光早年提出挽近时期形成的＂新华夏系＂构造地貌轮廓一致。（2）中新世印度洋中脊快速扩张,引发印—澳板块向NNE俯冲、推挤引起青藏高原的初次隆升,形成NWW向展布的青藏—闽粤初始高原,黄陵背斜是初始高原与＂新华夏系＂盆-山地貌的构造结点,具有双重构造特征,经历了中—上新世高原隆升剥蚀和夷平,现今山-盆起伏的构造地貌是上新世晚期至早更新世晚期（3.6～0.8Ma）以来快速隆升的产物。

英文摘要：

Although the folding of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic in South China has hitherto ascribed to the results of Yanshanian tectonic stage in the Late Mesozoic,we argue that there were three stages of deformation,an early and a late compression,and an extension between them,based on the observations of outcrops of the Huangling anticline,the analysis of the specific geology map,the seismic cross-section and stratigraphic column of Jianghan Basin and Qianjiang depression,and the summarization of the existing data. The Huangling anticline was formed primarily due to the tectonic deformation before the Early Cretaceous in the Early Indosinian and Late Yanshanian tectonic stage. Extensional uplifting and exhumation of metamorphic core complexes dominated the deformation in the Late Cretaceous. There was a final compressive folding at about 24.6 Ma,in the middle stage of Himalayan movement. The ＂Sichuan movement＂ that eventually formed the NNE trending compressive fold and nappe-thrust tectonics in South China was the results of the Himalayan tectonic event between the Oligocene and the Miocene,rather than the Sichuan movement in the Late Yanshanian of the Late Cretaceous proposed by Tan Xichou and Li Chunyu based on evidences recognized at that time. In that period,the Pacific Plate changed its direction of subduction between the middle Eocene and the Oligocene,from NWN before 43-36 Ma to NWW. A NWW-SEE oriented compressive stress field was formed in Eastern China including the Yangtze and South China plates,which resulted in the occurrence of NEN trending fold-and nappe-thrust-structures and the homologous basin-mountain landforms in a vast area in eastern China from South to Northeast China. Correspondingly,the tectonic movement resulted in the basin-range landforms and coincided with the outline of Neocathaysian tectonic system raised by Lee Siguang in early days. In the Miocene,the ridge of Indian Ocean spread very fast,and then led the Indian-Australian Plate subducting to NNE,which formed the initial Qingzang-Miny