中文摘要：

本文综述了纳米流体的研究进展。1995年美国Argonne国家实验室的Choi等提出将纳米级金属或非金属氧化物颗粒添加到换热工质中制备出新型换热工质'纳米流体'的方法,而且指出纳米流体的稳定性是纳米流体能否进行科学研究和实际应用的关键问题。纳米流体的导热系数、粘度等物性是反映介质流动与换热的关键因素。为使纳米流体成功地应用于工业实际,必须对其传热特性做深入研究。研究发现,目前诸多文献对纳米流体强化沸腾传热存在争议,部分研究成果证明纳米流体能强化传热,而另外的研究成果则认为纳米颗粒的添加非但不能强化传热甚至出现恶化现象。

英文摘要：

The research status of nanofluid was reviewed in the present study. Nanofluid was firstly proposed by Choi et al. of U.S. Argonne National Laboratory in 1995, and it was prepared by adding nanoscale metal or nonmetal oxide into heat transfer fluid. Choi et al. also pointed out that, the stability of nanofluids is the key factor for scientific research and practical application. The thermal conductivity coefficient, viscosity and other physical properties of nano-fluids are the key factors reflecting the flow and heat transfer characteristics. In order to successfully apply nanofluids in industrial practice, the heat transfer chacteristics of nanofluids should be investigated deeply. The existing researches show that, the enhancement effect of nano-fluids is controversial;some research results show that nanofluids may enhance the heat transfer, while some other research results show that there is deterioration effect rather than enhancement effect due to the presence of nano particles.