中文摘要：

以生物相容性的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）为还原剂和稳定剂,水作为溶剂,合成了银纳米粒子,该方法环保,简单,经济。TEM和XRD分析表明,所制备的银纳米粒子稳定性高,其平均粒径为18 nm左右,且具有较高的结晶度。利用该银溶胶作为表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）基底,以对羟基苯硫酚为拉曼报告分子考察了银溶胶的SERS活性,结果显示银溶胶能够检测到浓度低至10^-9 mol/L的对羟基苯硫酚。进一步应用银溶胶检测三聚氰胺,得到检测限为10^-5 mol/L。因此,该银溶胶是一种高灵敏度的SERS基底,在食品安全检测和环境保护领域具有重要的应用价值。

英文摘要：

Silver nanoparticles were successfully synthesized utilizing biocompatible polyvinyl pyrrolidone（PVP） as a reduction agent and stabilizer in aqueous solution. The morphology, size and crystallinity of silver nanoparticles were investigated by TEM and XRD. The results showed that the silver nanoparticles are highly monodisperse and stable with diameters of around 18 nm and greatly crystallized. The SERS activity of as-prepared silver nanoparticles was investigated using hydroxylthiol benzene（4-HBT） as Raman reporter. The results showed the detection limit of 4-HBT is 10^-9 mol/L, so the silver nanoparticles present excellent SERS sensitivity. What＇s more, utilizing silver nanoparticles as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy（SERS） substrates can detect 10^-5 mol/L melamine. So the as prepared silver nanoparticles have great potential of monitoring the food safety and environmental protection.