中文摘要：

背景老化是需要一个系统水平解决方案的一个复杂系统水平问题。然而，系统老化当模特儿，尽管着急地需要，长寿是静止的，主要由于为为如此的一个复杂过程建模的概念的框架的少量缺乏。我们建议那变老的结果能在系统能力被看作衰落，定义为一个系统生产完成要求的输出的最大的水平。古典老化特点和反老化策略能对系统能力排列得好。为越过个人或种的 lifespan 变化负责的基因变体能被他们的角色也进一步在系统 capacity.We 解释建议有希望的方向开发系统途径调制系统能力并且因此扩大 healthspan 和 lifespan。老化的系统能力模型提供一个机会在系统水平检验老化的结论。这个模型预言老化能被调制到的程度由 species.Within 的系统能力的上面的界限是通常有限的如此的一条边界，老化能被中等增加一个个人系统能力推迟。在如此的一条边界以外，增加上面的界限被要求，它不是不现实的以后给再生药的无限的潜力，但是它要求增加整个系统的能力而不是仅仅它的部分。

英文摘要：

Background： Aging is a complex systems level problem that needs a systems level solution. However, system models of aging and longevity, although urgently needed, are still lacking, largely due to the paucity of conceptual frameworks for modeling such a complex process. Results： We propose that aging can be viewed as a decline in system capacity, defined as the maximum level of output that a system produces to fulfill demands. Classical aging hallmarks and anti-aging strategies can be well-aligned to system capacity. Genetic variants responsible for lifespan variation across individuals or species can also be explained by their roles in system capacity. We further propose promising directions to develop systems approaches to modulate system capacity and thus extend both healthspan and lifespan. Conclusions： The system capacity model of aging provides an opportunity to examine aging at the systems level. This model predicts that the extent to which aging can be modulated is normally limited by the upper bound of the system capacity of a species. Within such a boundary, aging can be delayed by moderately increasing an individual＇s system capacity. Beyond such a boundary, increasing the upper bound is required, which is not unrealistic given the unlimited potential of regenerative medicine in the future, but it requires increasing the capacity of the whole system instead of only part of it.