中文摘要：

为研究铝合金轴心受压构件的局部稳定性能，采用有限元软件ANSYS对132个十字形截面、144个箱形截面及180个工形截面进行数值分析。研究板件厚度、局部几何初始缺陷、整体几何初始缺陷、屈服强度、Ramberg—Osgood模型中应变硬化指数n的取值以及板件间相互作用对3类构件屈曲后性能的影响，给出板件全部有效的最大宽厚比b／t及有效厚度折减系数α1。分析结果表明：局部几何初始缺陷和屈服强度对b／t及α1影响较大，在工程实际中必须考虑；n值主要影响b／t，对α1的影响不大；板件厚度和整体几何初始缺陷对两者没有影响；工形截面翼缘和腹板间存在相互作用，使两者α1差值减小。在实际工程中，要控制板件的局部几何初始缺陷大小，至少为规范中的普通级；当材性未知时，可取n=f0.2／10，且在该值的±50％之内，n的取值对板件的有效厚度折减系数基本没有影响。

英文摘要：

In order to study the local buckling behavior of aluminium alloy columns under unflorm compression, finite element analysis of 132 cruciform sections, 144 square-hollow sections and 180 1 sections are carried out by ANSYS. The influence of plate thickness, local initial geometric imperfections, overall initial geometric imperfections, yield strength, the value of strain-hardening exponent n from Ramberg-Osgood model and interaction between adjacent members are studied. The limiting width-thickness ratio [ b/t ] and reduction factor of effective thickness cq are given. The results show that local initial geometric imperfections and yield strength have a remarkable influence on [ b/t ] and c~t, which must be considered ; n effects mainly on [ b/t ] of reinforced plate and little on a~; plate thickness and overall initial geometric imperfections have no influence on both of them; interaction between flange and web of I sections makes the difference between reduction factor of them decrease. Therefore, local initial geometric imperfections must be limited; n can be taken as f0.2/10 if unknown and within ± 50% of this value, the value of n effects little on reduction factor of effective thickness.