中文摘要：

该研究针对黄土台塬地区长期采用单一土壤耕作制度存在的弊端，以连续免耕、连续深松和连续翻耕为对照，通过连续6年的定位试验（2007？2013年），研究免耕（NT）、深松（ST）和翻耕（PT）3种耕作法集成的6种轮耕体系（NT/ST、ST/PT、ST/NT、NT/PT/ST、NT/NT/ST和PT/PT/ST）对黄土台塬旱地冬小麦→春玉米轮作田土壤生产性能的影响。结果表明，1）在降低土壤容重、提高土壤孔隙度、改善土壤结构及增强土壤通透性方面，6种轮耕体系以ST/PT体系表现最优，其次是PT/PT/ST；2）6种轮耕体系0～40 cm土层土壤养分含量均较试验开始前显著增加，其中土壤有机质含量和全效养分含量均以NT/ST和NT/NT/ST增加较多，而土壤速效养分则以ST/PT和PT/PT/ST增加较多；3）播种和收获时0～200 cm土层土壤贮水量，均以NT/ST和NT/NT/ST较高；4）6种轮耕体系6年作物籽粒产量、水分利用效率（WUE）和经济效益整体效应，以ST/PT最高，其次是NT/ST，再次是NT/PT/ST，而NT/NT/ST体系最低，其中ST/PT作物籽粒产量较其他轮耕体系高5.4%～14.1%，且差异均达显著水平（P＆lt;0.05），WUE高1.9%～14.1%，经济效益高8.2%～22.6%（P＆lt;0.05）。总之，在6种轮耕体系中，以ST/PT（深松与翻耕逐年轮换）体系轮耕的土壤理化性状最佳、生产性能最优、水分利用效率最高，是黄土台塬及类似地区“冬小麦→春玉米”轮作田的最佳轮耕体系，其次是 NT/ST（免耕与深松逐年轮换）体系。

英文摘要：

The semi-humid and prone-to-drought Loess Platform is a typical rain fed agricultural region, in which the planting system is mostly one harvest a year or one harvest two years. Winter wheat and spring maize are main grain crops cultivated in this region. A long-term practice of applying single soil tillage measures in this area causes soil compaction, poor ability of retaining rainwater and providing nutrition. Many studies and practices have demonstrated that reasonable soil rotational tillage systems matching different crop rotation cropping systems played a very important role in maintaining the sustainable development of farmland ecosystem, creating suitable environment （soil, nutrients, water, air, temperature） condition for crop growth and promoting crop yields. In order to investigate the effects of different rotational tillage systems on soil production performance in wheat-maize fields, the soil bulk density, soil porosity, soil nutrients contents, water storages, crop yields and water use efficiency （WUE） as well as economic benefits were determined on the Loess Platform of China, which will provide a theoretical basis to establish a reasonable soil tillage system for a cop rotation system under a certain fertilizing method in the semi-humid and prone-to-drought Loess Platform. A six-year field experiment was carried out from 2007 to 2013 in Dryland Agricultural Research Station, Ganjing Town （latitude 35＆#176;33′N;longitude 110＆#176;08′E;900 m above sea level）, Shaanxi province. Six kinds of different rotational tillage systems of this experiment included no-tillage/sub-soiling rotation （NT/ST）, sub-soiling/ploughing rotation （ST/PT） and ploughing/no-tillage rotation （PT/NT）, no-tillage/ploughing/sub-soiling rotation （NT/PT/ST）, no-tillage/no-tillage/sub-soiling rotation （NT/NT/ST）, ploughing/ploughing/sub-soiling rotation （PT/PT/ST）. The continuous no-tillage （CK1）, continuous sub-soiling （CK2） and continuous ploughing （CK3） for six years were u