中文摘要：

丰满水库流域水利工程众多，受水利工程特别是人工控制性较差的中小水利工程影响，流域产汇流特点发生了一些改变，原有水文预报模型未能考虑这一变化而导致其精度下降，不利于流域正常水文预报工作的开展，影响了流域内水库防洪与兴利效益的发挥。在前人研究基础上，结合实测水利工程运行资料和美国陆地资源卫星“LandsatTM／ETM＋”数据，分析了水利工程在洪水中的蓄放规律。研究发现，水利工程初始蓄水状态、洪水发生汛期阶段和降雨量3个因素决定了水利工程的蓄放规律，拦蓄规律为：汛中拦洪比小，汛末拦洪比大；初始库容越大，拦洪比越小，若初始库容相近，则汛末拦洪比大于汛初；对于汛末洪水，发生时间越晚，拦洪比越大。将研究所得的拦蓄规律应用于洪水预报方案进行校正，结果表明，1996年9月14日和2006年8月26Et两场洪水校正后的预报误差分别由校正前的146．6％和31．8％降低到8．6％和10．1％。因此，研究所得拦蓄规律是合理的，能显著提高丰满径流预报精度。

英文摘要：

There are many hydraulic projects in the Fengman Basin. The hydraulic projects, especially the poorly manually con- trolled and small to medium sized water conservancy projects, can affect the rainfall-runoff conditions in the basin. The original hydrological forecasting model failed to take into account this effect and therefore resulted in decreased prediction accuracy, which can affect the implementation of normal hydrological forecasting work and the performance of flood control and profiting effect of the reservoir in the basin. Based on the previous studies, the measured hydraulic project operation data and the Ameri- can land resources satellite Landsat TM/ETM＋ data were used to analyze the storage and release characteristics of hydraulic project during the flood. The results showed that the initial storage condition, phase of flood season, and precipitation are the three main factors affecting the storage and release characteristics of hydraulic project. The storage and release characteristics included that （1） flood detention ratio is smaller during the flood season and bigger during the flood recession period; （2） the bigger the initial storage is, the smaller the flood detention ratio is. If the initial storage is similar, the flood detention ratio dur- ing the flood recession period is bigger than that at the beginning of flood season; and （3） the later the flood during the flood re- cession period occurs, the bigger the flood detention ratio is. The obtained storage and release characteristics were applied to ad- just the flood forecasting in the Fengman Basin,which showed that the forecasting error decreased from 146.6% to 8.6% for the flood on September 14,1996 and from 31.8 % to 10. 1% for the flood on August 26,2006 after the adjustment. Consequent- ly,the obtained storage and release characteristics were useful and can improve the forecasting accuracy of runoff in the Feng- man Basin.