中文摘要：

背景：牙齿拔除后拔牙窝内新骨形成及改建与神经支配密切相关。目的：探讨失神经支配对拔牙窝新骨形成和骨量保持的可能调节作用。方法：切除犬一侧下牙槽神经建立失神经支配动物模型，失神经支配侧为实验组，以未切除侧为对照组，组织学染色检测术后2，4，8，12周时间点拔牙窝新骨形成和骨量保持。结果与结论：实验组拔牙窝骨缺损区的新生骨量面积百分比在术后2，4，8周明显低于对照组（P 〈0.01）；术后2，4，8，12周，实验组颊舌侧牙槽嵴高度差明显高于对照组（P 〈0.05或P 〈0.01）。说明失神经支配与拔牙窝新骨形成和骨量保持存在密切相关性。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND： There is a close relationship between innervations and bone formation and bone mass maintenance in the extraction sockets. OBJECTIVE：To study the possible effect of denervations on the regulation of new bone formation and bone mass maintenance in the extraction sockets. METHODS：The unilateral inferior nerve of dogs was sectioned to establish an animal denervation model. The normal side was used as control. After model establishment, the premolars of denervated side and normal side were extracted. Histological method was used to test new bone formation and bone mass maintenance in the extraction sockets at the 2nd, 4th, 8th and 12th weeks after tooth extraction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The percentage of new bone areas in the extraction sockets was significantly lower in the experiment group than the control group at weeks 2, 4, 8 after tooth extraction （P ＆lt; 0.01）. The height difference between the buccal and lingual alveolar ridge was higher in the experimental group than the control group at weeks 2, 4, 8, 12 after tooth extraction （P ＆lt; 0.05 or P ＆lt; 0.01）. These findings indicate that denervation is closely related with new bone formation and bone mass maintenance in the extraction sockets.