中文摘要：

目的：观察早产小鼠的肾脏特点,探讨其变化趋势。方法：将小鼠分为两组,孕17 d出生的为早产组和孕21 d出生的为足天组,每组18只,观察两组小鼠出生时的身长体重,出生后4周、8周、12周的血、尿生化指标和肾组织分子指标。结果：出生第1天,与足天组小鼠相比,早产组小鼠身长显著降低（3.00±0.01 vs 3.65±0.13cm;P〈0.01）,体重显著降低（1.61±0.06 vs 1.76±0.03g;P〈0.01）。4周龄时,与足天组小鼠相比,早产组小鼠肾重/体重比显著降低（1.11±0.09vs 1.44±0.12 g/100g;P〈0.01）,尿白蛋白/肌酐比值（ACR）显著升高（1.33±0.29 vs 0.33±0.03g/mmol;P〈0.01）,肾组织血管内皮生长因子VEGF及其受体VEGFR2蛋白表达显著升高,WT1蛋白表达显著降低。8周、12周龄时,与足天组小鼠相比,早产组小鼠VEGF和VEGFR2表达仍升高,WT1表达仍降低,但肾重/体重比和尿ACR差异无统计学意义。整个观察期间,两组血肌酐、尿素氮差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：早产小鼠出生体重低、肾脏小、有蛋白尿,伴有肾脏VEGF、VEGFR2表达增加、WT1表达减少,提示肾脏发育不良;随着月龄的增长,有好转的趋势。

英文摘要：

Objective ： To observe the characteristics of premature mice kidney and to explore its changing trend. Methods： The mice were divided into two groups, premature mice, delivered on days 17 in pregnancy, and full day mice, delivered on days 21 in pregnancy, 18 mice in each group. Birth length and birth weight of the two groups were observed, and the biochemical indexes of blood and urine and the molecular markers of kidney tissue were observed at the time of the 4 week, the 8 week and the 12 week after birth. Results： First day of birth, comparing the full day mice, the premature mice length decreased significantly （ 3.00 ± 0. 01 vs 3.65 ± 0.13 cm; P 〈 0. 01 ） and weight decreased significantly （ 1.61 ± 0.06 vs 1.76 ± 0.03 g; P 〈 0. 01 ）. At the age of 4 weeks, the premature mice kidney weight and body weight ratio was significantly decreased （1.11 ± 0.09 vs 1.44 ±0. 12 g/100g; P 〈 0.01 ）, and urinary ACR was significantly increased（ 1.33±0.29 vs 0.33 ±0.03 ; P 〈 0. 01 ）, VEGF and its receptor VEGFR2 expression was significantly increased, WT1 expression was significantly reduced. At 8 and 12 weeks, comparing the full day mice, the premature mice VEGF and VEGFR2 expression was also significantly increased, WT1 expression was also significantly reduced, but there was no significant difference in kidney weight and body weight ratio, urine ACR, Scr and BUN. Conclusion：Premature mice, birth weight is low, kidney is small, with proteinuria, and increased VEGF, VEGFR2 expression, and decreased WT1 expression, which suggests renal dysplasia. With the growth of the month, there is a trend of recovery.