中文摘要：

以甲基三甲氧基硅烷（MTMS）为硅源,水为溶剂,醋酸和氨水为酸碱催化剂,采用酸碱两步法,六甲基二硅胺烷（HMDS）作为表面修饰剂,常压干燥制备了半透明、块体气凝胶。得到的气凝胶疏水性很好（接触角为158°）,具有很好的弹性性能,良好的保温隔热性能（热导率为0.031W/（m.K））。用扫描电镜、比表面积与孔径分析仪、力学分析仪、hotdisk热分析仪等仪器对气凝胶的微观形貌、孔结构、力学、热学等性能进行了表征与研究。

英文摘要：

Translucent and monolithic aerogels have been prepared by a two step（acid-base） sol-gel process with methyltrimethoxysilane（MTMS）,water,acetic acid and ammonia as the precursor,solvent,acid and base accelerators,respectively.The aerogels were dried at ambient pressure after surface modification using hexamethyldisilazane（HMDS） as the modification agent.The aerogels are very flexible,and showed excellent hydrophobic properties（the contact angle is 158°） and good thermal insulation properties（the thermal conductivity is 0.031W/（m·K））.Scan electron microscope,pore size distribution analyzer,mechanical analyzer and hotdisk thermal analyzer were used to characterize the morphology,pore structure,mechanical and thermal properties of the aerogels.