本文介绍了天然纤维的化学成分、结构以及力学性能;综述了天然纤维的表面处理方式,分析了其作用机理,并讨论了表面处理对其复合材料力学性能的影响;从增强体形式出发,介绍了短纤维、纤维毡、纤维织物以及单向纤维增强复合材料,并研究了成型工艺、纤维含量和表面处理等对其拉伸、弯曲、界面性能和冲击强度以及断裂韧性的影响;最后总结了天然纤维增强复合材料在汽车、建筑土木等领域的应用现状,并展望了其发展和应用前景.
In this paper, the chemical compositions, structures and mechanical properties of natural fibers were described~ Surface treatments of natural fibers were reviewed, mechanisms were analyzed and their effects on the mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced composites were discussed; Short fiber, mat, fabric and unidirectional fiber reinforced composites were introduced on the basis of different reinforcement layout and effects of fabrication process, fiber content and surface treatment on the tensile, flexural, interracial properties, impact strength and fracture toughness were studied. Finally, current applications of natural fiber reinforced composites, including transportation and construction industry, were summarized, and the development trends and future applications were prospected.