中文摘要：

为缓解能源需求与原油价格不断上涨以及有限的化石燃料储备之间的矛盾,人们得寻找更加生态、可持续再生的替代能源。利用能源植物生产生物柴油与生物酒精类燃料已成为发展的方向。其中,大戟科的小桐子以其强抗逆性、高含油量等特点而受到了广泛的关注。本文综述了能源植物小桐子油脂含量与质量、生物代谢以及抗逆性等方面的相关功能基因、细胞学染色体核型、核基因组以及叶绿体基因组的研究进展,以期为能源植物小桐子的遗传改良提供参考。

英文摘要：

To alleviate the increasing demand of energy, continuous price growth of crude oil and limited reserves of fossil fuel, it is necessary to look for a form of ecological, sustainable and renewable energy source. Using bioenergy plants to produce biodiesel and bioethanol is nowadays a hot spot. Jatropha curcas L., which falls under the family Euphorbiacease, has attracted extensive attention due to its distinct features such as stress resistance and oil-rich character. This review summarized the research progresses of the functional genes related to oil content and quality, biological metabolism and stress resistance, the cytological chromosomal karyotype as well as the genomes of nucleus and chloroplast in J. curcas, in order to provide suggestions for J. curcas genetic modification.