中文摘要：

湖泊沉积物不但可以反映流域多环芳烃（PAHs）的空间分布特征,更能忠实的记录PAHs排放历史.本文收集了我国湖泊沉积物有关PAHs已有的文献报道,并与部分发达国家和地区（美国、欧洲、日本等）的湖泊做对比,系统地综述了我国湖泊沉积物多环芳烃的空间分布、沉积记录及来源.通过对收集数据分析表明,我国湖泊表层沉积物中∑PAHs含量为3.2～ 5260ng/g（dw）,平均值为753.1 ng/g （dw）（n=495）.主成分分析及多元回归分析结果表明：我国湖泊表层沉积物PAHs主要来源及其贡献量分别为机动车尾气排放占42.7％、煤炭燃烧占30.1％以及石油泄漏占27.2％.我国湖泊钻孔沉积记录PAHs从下向上总体表现出由低到高的变化特征,基本反映了我国经济发展历史.我国PAHs排放历史与发达国家有着明显不同,PAHs排放峰值一般出现在20世纪90年代以后,明显晚于发达国家的50 ～ 80年代.同时,湖泊沉积物记录的PAHs来源有所改变,煤炭资源是我国部分湖泊沉积历史中PAHs的主要来源,随着机动车数量的增加,机动车尾气排放也成为目前我国湖泊沉积物的主要污染源之一.

英文摘要：

Lake surface sediments can reflect spatial distribution of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in regional scale, and deep lake sediments are very useful in unraveling historical environmental contamination. Therefore, it is essential to comprehensive understanding the PAHs pollution in lake sediments. In this study, the characteristic of polXution status and components of PAHs in lake sediments of China were reviewed. Data from the developed countries were also selected for comparison. Statistical analysis on the collected data showed that the total PAHs concentrations （sum of 16 PAH compounds） in Chinese lake surface sediments varied greatly depending on the sampling location and ranged from 3.2ng/g to 5260ng/g （n= 495） dry weigh with a mean concentration of 753.1ng/g （dw）. In general, the concentration of total PAHs correlated significantly with local population density （R2= 0.80, p〈0.01） and GDP （RE= 0.79, p〈0.01 ） for each lake. To estimate the source of the PAHs in the lake sediments of China, four specific PAH ratios were calculated for the studied samples： Ant/（ Ant＋Phe）, BaA/（ Chr＋BaA）, （Fla＋Pyr） and InP/（ InP ＋BghiP）. Vehicles emission, coal combustion and spillage of petroleum were apportioned to be the main sources of PAHs in lake surface sediments of China by principal component analysis, which contributed 42.7%, 30.1% and 27.2% to the sources estimated by further multiple linear regression. Compared with foreign researches, the pollution level of surface sediments in China is above the average. The maximum sediment flux from different lakes ranged from l 1.9ng/cm2·a to 3128.7ng/cm2·a（n=8） , and the mean flux of different lakes is 269.1ng/cm2·a（n = 230）. The characteristics of changes in lake sediment cores from China roughly find a change from low to high, which basically reflected the regional economic development history. The temporal trends of PAHs in the sediment cores from China were different from those reported in develope