中文摘要：

微小RNA（miRNA）是短的非编码蛋白质的RNA，其在细胞增殖、分化、凋亡以及致癌和抗癌信号激活中起重要作用。研究表明，miRNA的异常表达与肺癌的发生、组织学类型、诊断、治疗和预后密切相关，其可能成为肺癌最有潜力和前途的治疗靶点。

英文摘要：

microRNAs （miRNAs） are short non-protein-coding RNAs, which play important roles in the cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, as well as activation of oncogenic and antioncogenic signals. Researches show that the abnormal expressions of miRNAs are closely related to the tumorigenesis, histological type, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lung cancer. So miRNAs may be the most potential and promising therapeutic targets for lung cancer.