中文摘要：

设计了一种工作于X波段的基于共享孔径Fabry-Perot（F-P）谐振腔结构的宽带高增益磁电偶极子微带天线,并设计了三种不同尺寸的双层频率选择表面（FSS）单元,通过共享孔径布阵组成了超材料覆层.利用三种FSS单元的相位补偿特性,有效拓展了覆层天线的增益带宽.实测和仿真结果均表明,加载超材料覆层后,磁电偶极子天线在7.8—12.3 GHz内S_（11）〈-10 d B,相对带宽达到44.7%,覆盖整个X波段.天线增益在7.9—12.1 GHz内均有明显的提高,最大提高了7 d B.相较于传统的F-P谐振腔结构覆层天线,设计的基于共享孔径的F-P谐振型超材料覆层天线能够明显拓展天线增益带宽,在新型宽带高增益天线设计方面具有广阔的应用前景.

英文摘要：

The demands for highly directive antennas are becoming more stringent, especially in microwave regions. Traditional ways to enhance the antenna gain such as reflectors, dielectric lenses, waveguide horns and microstrip antenna arrays suffer design complexity, high cost and power loss in the feeding network, so it is urgent to find a simple way to solve the problem. Fabry-Perot（F-P） antenna has a high directivity and low sidewall, owing to the resonance of the cavity in a cophasal and tapered field distribution along the lateral direction. However, the disadvantage of F-P antenna is obvious for the inherently narrow gain bandwidth which inhibits their many applications. In this paper, a broadband and high-gain shared-aperture F-P resonator magneto-electric（ME） microstrip antenna working at X band is designed and fabricated. In order to design a wideband metamaterial superstrate unit, the structure with two different frequency selective surface（FSS） layers is presented： the metal pattern at the top of the unit is a square patch and has a high reflection coefficient in the high frequency band, and at the bottom the metal pattern is a cross patch, it has a high reflection coefficient in the low frequency band, therefore, the whole unit should resonate in a broadband frequency range.Theoretical analysis and simulation result indicate that the unit has a linearly increasing phase response and a high reflection coefficient across a broadband range and it has the potential to construct a wideband F-P resonator antenna.In the proposed antenna, a novel wideband ME microstrip antenna is used as the feeding source. For the antenna covers the whole X band, the bandwidth of the F-P resonator superstrate should be further expanded. Simulated calculation results indicate that different sizes of two-layer FSSs have different reflection phases but the same coefficient, therefore a shared-aperture structure with three different sizes of FSSs is obtained. The arrangement utilizes the phase compensation property along d