中文摘要：

优化乡村人居环境，改善农户生活质量，统筹城乡发展是社会主义新农村建设的一项重要内容。本文以欠发达地区为地理单元，以红安县二程镇8个村100户问卷和访谈调查为基础资料，探讨了转型期特定区域乡村人居环境演变特征和微观机制。从历史的维度来看，乡村人居环境演变特征主要体现在：乡村聚落的空心化和边缘化、乡村生态环境的剧烈恶化以及乡村社会文化的更新等方面。从微观的视野来看，乡村人居环境的演化实质上是农户空间行为作用的外在表现。不同类型的农户空间行为对乡村人居环境的作用方式不同，影响效果也不同，但其综合效应对乡村人居环境的系统功能影响较大。

英文摘要：

Optimizing rural human settlement to improve households＇ life quality and balance urban and rural development is an important part of new rural communities＇ construction. Taking underdeveloped areas as geography unit, this article discussed the evolution characteristics and micro-mechanism of rural human settlement in particular areas during the transition based on the survey data of 100 farmers in 8 villages in Hong＇ an County. The Results shows that rural human settlement has changed very much under the quick development of urbanization and industrialization. From the point of microcosmic angle, rural human settlement evolution is in reality the external aspects of households＇ spatial behavior. Different types of households＇ spatial behavior have different influence on rural human settlement. Households＇ habitable space behavior is the mi- cro-foundation of rural human settlement evolution. The rural culture transition relies on common guide by behavior and social communication space behavior. Expansion of social communication space is the result as well as the demand of employment space expansion~ It is also the main force of new values formation for households. Rural human settlement is a complicated system project. Its academic infrastructure and research framework have not formed, so there are much more filed need further study. Taking underdeveloped areas as geography unit, this article tries to discuss evolution rules and micro-mechanism of rural human settlement in particular areas during the transition based on the investigation data.