中文摘要：

利用活化处理后的三叶草叶茎为模板,将模板浸渍于硝酸铈溶液中,经水热反应在叶茎细胞的外表面及叶茎管状结构的内外层实现铈盐颗粒的预组装,经过500℃煅烧去除叶茎模板制得具有仿生形态多孔结构的氧化铈。研究了叶茎与硝酸铈的质量比和水热反应温度对多孔氧化铈微观结构的影响。利用热重分析仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和红外光谱仪对样品进行表征。结果表明：当叶茎与铈盐的质量比为2：1和水热反应温度为80℃时,所得氧化铈具有纤维管状的仿生多孔结构,其长度为数十至数百微米、直径为数十纳米至十多微米。实现了无机氧化铈材料对叶茎模板三维立体多孔结构的精密仿生复制。

英文摘要：

The cerium salt grains were preassembled by hydrothermal method using stem of green plant clover as a biotemplate,and that dipped into cerous nitrate solution,which is located in both the external surface of stem cell and the inner and outer layer of tu-bular structure.After calcined at 500 ℃ to remove the template,the biomimetic porous CeO2 with tubular structure was synthesized.The effects of the mass ratio of straw to cerium nitrate and hydrothermal temperature on the morphologies of CeO2 were investigated.Thermogravimetry,field emission scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction and Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy were applied to characterize the microstructures of the samples.The results show that when the mass ratio of straw to cerium nitrate is 2：1 and its hydrothermal temperature is 80 ℃,the as-prepared CeO2 sample has a biomimetic porous structure,which has a length from decades to several hundred microns,and a diameter from dozens of nanometers to about ten microns.It indicates that this method can carry out precise bionic replication of three-dimensional porous structure of grass straw with inorganic cerium oxide materials.