中文摘要：

目的探讨高强度负荷训练对新入伍战士动态心电图的影响,为高强度负荷训练造成的心脏损伤及运动性猝死的防治提供依据。方法随机抽取新入伍战士150例进行3 km军事训练,并于训练前、训练后即刻分别记录动态心电图,比较训练前后24 h平均心率、心律失常发生率、ST-T改变、心率减速力（DC）、心率变异性（HRV）、T波电交替（TWA）、QT离散度（QTd）。结果训练后0.5 h新入伍战士平均心率最高,2~6 h处于稳定状态,随后下降,训练后14 h降至最低,此后逐渐上升至训练前水平。训练后室性早搏和ST-T改变发生率高于训练前（P〈0.05）。训练后HRV、QTd较训练前升高,DC较训练前降低（P〈0.01）。TWA训练前后比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论新入伍战士高强度负荷军事训练后机体交感神经兴奋性明显增强,迷走神经兴奋性降低,心肌细胞电活动不稳定,增加了心肌易损性,各种心律失常发生明显增多。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the effect of high intensity training on results of dynamic electrocardiogram in recruits so as to provide preventive evidence for heart damage and exercise-related sudden death induced by high inten- sity training. Methods A total of 150 recruits were randomly selected to run three kilometers during military training. The electrocardiogram results were recorded before and immediately after the training. The values of 24 h average heart rate, incidence rate of arrhythmia, ST-T changes, deceleration capacity of rate （DC）, heart rate variability （HRV）, T- wave ahernans （TWA） and QT deviation degree （QTd） were compared before and 24 h after the training. Results The average heart rate of recruits was the highest at 0.5 h after the training, and the value was in a steady state during 2-6 h after the training, and then the value began to decrease, and the lowest value was found 14 h after the training, and then the value began to rise again to the pre-training level. The incidence rates of premature ventricular contractions and ST-T changes after the training were significantly higher than those before the training （P 〈 0. 05）. After the training, the values of HRV and QTd were significantly higher, while DC value was significantly lower compared with those before the training （P 〈 0. 01 ）. There was no significant difference in TWA before and after the training （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion After the high intensity training, the recruits have obviously increasing sympathetic excitability, decreasing pneumogastric nerve excitability with myocardial electrical instability, which may increase myocardial vulnerability and induce increasing incidence rate of arrhytbmia.