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中文摘要：
为了有效防治城市地表河流硝酸盐氮的污染并进行针对性水体治理,利用δ15N和δ18O双同位素示踪技术,对北京城区地表河流硝酸盐污染进行了溯源。选取北京9条河流的10个监测点,分析了硝酸盐氮污染的浓度分布特征,并运用MAT253氮氧双同位素技术解析了硝酸盐的各种来源。研究结果表明,北京城区地表河流硝酸盐氮污染自上游至下游逐渐加重,上游8个监测点的硝酸盐氮平均浓度在0.7～3.4 mg/L之间,下游东护城河和通惠河2处硝酸盐氮的浓度均值分别达7.6 mg/L和7.0 mg/L。利用同位素质谱MAT253分析,得知北京城区地表河流δ15N值总体分布范围为-1.2‰～＋28.88‰,δ^18O值分布范围为＋0.09‰～＋6.62‰,依据δ^15N和δ^18O的特征范围,得出北京城区地表河流硝酸盐来源主要是粪肥和污水。
英文摘要：
In order to protect urban surface water quality and provide proper solutions to reduce nitrate pol-lution, nitrogen and oxygen isotopes δ（ ^15 N and ^180） were used to trace sources of nitrate in urban rivers. 10 sampling sites on 9 rivers in Beijing were selected to analyze the spatial pattern of nitrate pollution. Results showed that the rivers were seriously polluted by nitrate, especially in the downstream. Mean nitrate concentra-tion was between 0.7 mg/L and 3.4 mg/L for the 8 sites in the upstream, and 7. 6 mg/L and 7.0 mg/L respec-tively for Donghucheng River and Tonghui River in the downstream. Using isotope mass spectrometer MAT253, the nitrogen and oxygen isotope values were measured. The values of δ^15N and δ^180, which explained different sources of nitrate of urban rivers in different river segments, ranged from - 1.2‰ to ＋ 28.88‰ and from ＋ 0.09‰ to ＋ 6.62‰, respectively. The results of δ^15 N and and δ^18O indicate that manure and sewage are the two main sources of nitrate in Beijing urban surface waters.
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