中文摘要：

在化学成分研究的基础上，对分离得到的10种黄酮单体进行了药理活性的研究，通过对其体外抗氧化、缺糖缺氧条件下对神经细胞的保护或损伤活性的研究，对其构效关系进行了初步探讨。结果表明：新化合物1同时具有在拟缺血条件下对神经瘤细胞PC12的杀伤和对大鼠皮层原代神经元的保护作用；黄酮类普遍具有较强的抗氧化活性，并提示山奈酚苷元存在特异性，其活性和槲皮素、杨梅素苷元存在显著差异；3，4，5-三羟基苯基为潜在的活性药效团。

英文摘要：

Nymphaea candida Presl., a member of the Nymphaeaceae family, is mainly grown over the Xinjiang Province. Its flower has long been used as a medicine to reduce internal heat and toxins, with a calming and sedating effect, applicable for a range of symptoms, including common cold, fever, headache, cough, and faucitis. A systemic investigation is made to look into the chemical elements of the flower of Nymphaea candida. As a result, ten flavonoids have been extracted. Analysis is also made of its antioxidation in vitro and effects on ischemic injuries of rat cortical neurons and pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. It is concluded that all the flavonols have an antioxidant activity, though from a moderate to a significant level. Kaempferol is apparently different from quercetin and myricetin, and 3, 4, 5-trihydroxyphenyl is a latent active group.