中文摘要：

随着智能电网和通信技术的发展，智能电表的普及应用受到越来越多的重视．一方面，智能电表为用户合理用电和电力公司有效供电、高效收费带来了便利，而另一方面细粒度的智能电表数据泄露用户用电行为等敏感信息，用户隐私泄露也成为最大的安全威胁．主要从智能电表端的身份隐私保护技术和数据隐私保护技术两个方面来综述国内外相关研究．对比分析了现有隐私保护技术的隐私保护强度、计算开销、传输开销等；提炼了智能电表仍然面临的安全与隐私挑战，并探讨了该领域未来的研究趋势与方向．

英文摘要：

With the development of the smart grid and communication technologies, smart meters have attracted increasing attentions. On the one hand, smart meters brought considerable convenience for users with better electricity consumption management and power companies＇ effective power supply and efficient billing; on the other hand, it raised security threat that finegrained smart meter data could reveal users＇ private information. This paper conducted a thorough survey on existing solutions mainly from identity privacy protection approach and data privacy protection approach. We deeply compared their privacy-related factors, such as the strength of privacy protection, computational overhead, transmission overhead. Finally, we investigated the remaining challenges to protect user privacy in smart meter and discussed plausible and promising trends and directions for future research.