中文摘要：

为解决传统落体法将阻力矩视为恒定值进行消元引起的惯量测量精度误差较大的问题,将考虑不同阻力因素的阻力矩函数应用到落体法惯量测量中。通过开展落体法惯量测量装置中阻力因素分析,建立了阻力矩与速度和载荷间的关系,提出了通过在两次落体过程中主动构建相同速度和载荷从而通过做差进行有效消元的方法。设计了一套落体法惯量测量装置,并对提出的新型落体法进行了实验研究,重复测量了3个飞轮的惯量值。研究结果表明：新型落体法的惯量测量误差不超过5%,通过在两次落体过程中主动构建相同的阻力影响因素并进行消元能有效减小阻力影响,提高落体法惯量测量重复性和精度。

英文摘要：

In order to reduce the inertia measuring error in the traditional falling body method arisen from the constant resistance torque elimi- nation, resistance torque function in terms of various resistances was applied to the falling body method. By analyzing the resistances in the falling body inertia measuring apparatus, a new falling body method using the actively built equivalent speed and load to eliminate the resistance torque was proposed. A new falling body inertia measuring apparatus was designed independently to verify the new method. Experiment was also conducted on this apparatus. The results indicate that the repeated test of 3 inertia disks can give a maximum measuring error of less than 5% , and that the influences of the resistances could be well reduced by creating equivalent impact factors in the two falling process and consequently improve the repeatability and precision of the falling body method.