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中文摘要：
常规石油工程岩石力学分析中，通常把地层正交各向异性简化为横观各向同性，然而该简化在某些地层条件下并不适用。对实钻岩芯进行的力学性质测试结果表明，在垂直于井眼轴线平面内，不同方向岩石力学性质的差异是客观存在的。在各向异性材料力学的基础上，利用叠加原理，分别考虑钻井液柱压力、水平最大地应力以及水平最小地应力单独作用3种情况，建立正交各向异性地层井壁围岩应力分析新模型。实例计算结果表明，无论水平地应力是否均匀，只要地层力学性质是各向异性的，那么井壁岩石处的周向应力必然呈现非均匀分布特征。而且，地层各向异性条件下的井壁围岩应力极值均比各向同性条件下要大。因此，地层力学性质的各向异性使井壁岩石的受力状态明显恶化。这一特征应该在今后的相关工程问题力学分析中予以重视。
英文摘要：
In the traditional rock mechanics analysis in petroleum engineering, the orthotropic formation is always simplified to be transverse isotropic. However, this simplification is not always suitable in some special formations. The rock mechanics orthotropic experiment has been done with drilling core. The test results show that the anisotropy of mechanical property at different directions, in the plane perpendicular to wellbore axis is objective. Based on the mechanics of orthotropic materials, the new model for stress analysis of borehole surrounding rock has been established with superposition principle. The model includes the function of hydrostatic pressure of drilling mud, maximum and minimum horizontal in-situ stresses respectively. The computational results show that no matter how the horizontal stress is uniform or not, if the formation is orthotropic, the stress distribution of borehole surrounding rock will always be nonuniform. Moreover, the maximum stress of orthotropic formation is larger than that of isotropic formation. The orthotropic of formation mechanical property can make the borehole stress distribution worse. So this feature should be considered into the mechanical analysis of corresponding projects.
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