中文摘要：

研究了水冷式散热方法对半导体冰箱制冷性能的提高.以常用的半导体小冰箱为实例,分别测试了在风冷、循环水和恒温水条件下小冰箱的制冷性能.结果表明,水冷制冷效果明显优于传统风冷式,且其制冷性能与冷却水的温度有关.水温越低,半导体制冷器的制冷效率越高,制冷温度越低.当冷却水温度为17.1℃时,水冷半导体小冰箱很快达到冷冻.建立了水冷式半导体冰箱的制冷模型,计算分析了在不同恒定冷却水温度下半导体制冷器冷端温度随时间的变化关系,并将理论结果与实验测量结果进行了拟合分析,发现理论模型与实验测量结果一致.研究结果为水冷式半导体冰箱制冷性能的提高提供了实验和理论依据.

英文摘要：

The performance of thermoelectric refrigerators based on water-cooling method for heat emission was studied both experimentally and theoretically.The cooling performance of refrigerators under different conditions,namely air cooling,the recycled water cooling and the recycled cooling with water at constant temperature,was tested experimentally by using a typical small thermoelectric refrigerator.The experiment results show that water cooling approach is significantly better than the original air cooling method and the cooling effect of the small thermoelectric refrigerator strongly depends on the temperature of the cooling water.The lower the temperature of the cooling water,the lower the cooling temperature is in the end.The small thermoelectric water-cooled refrigerator can achieve refrigerating effect rapidly with water at 17.1 ℃.A theoretical model for water-cooled refrigerators was established,in different temperature constant cooling water conditions,the relationship between temperature changing of semiconductor refrigeration cold end with time was calculated and analyzed.The outcome of the theoretical model agrees well with the experimental results.Our study provides a basis for the performance improvement of thermoelectric refrigerators by using water cooling.